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Livello Due, lunedi, il dicianove novembre, Ottava Lezione

Level Two, Monday, November 19, Lesson 8

-Compiti (homework)

1. Practice Set 47: Molto, Tanto, Poco, Troppo, Parecchio... Abbastanza, Quasi... forms of Tutto... Read, and do the exercises 1-18.

2. Practice Set 81: Piacere. Read about piacere, and do all the exercises in practice set 81. Practice Sets 79 and 80 are optional.

3. Handout (pink): preposizioni. Do Exercises 1, 2, 3, 12, and 13. You can use this handout to help you with the exercises.

4. Handout (gold): preposizioni. Read numbers 3 through 6, and do exercises A and B (only).

5. Write a sentence using the verb affittare, and the verb noleggiare.

6. I'll to give you the infinitive, and I want you to write down the past participle of these verbs:
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abbracciare (to hug)
abitare (to live in)
accendere (to light, to turn on)
accettare (to accept, to agree to)
affittare (to rent a house or apartment)
aiutare (to help)
alzare (to raise)
amare (to love)
andare (to go)
annoiare (to bore, to annoy)
aprire (to open)
arrivare (to arrive)
ascoltare (to listen to)
aspettare (to wait for)
assistere (to attend, to be present at)
attraversare (to go across)
aumentare (to increase)
avere (to have)
baciare (to kiss)
ballare (to dance)
bere (to drink)
cadere (to fall)
cambiare (to change)
camminare (to walk)
cantare (to sing)
capire (to understand)
cenare (to dine)
cercare (to look for)
chiacchierare (to chat)
chiamare (to call)
chiedere (to ask for, to ask about)
chiudere (to close)
cogliere (to gather, to pick)
clicca qui for the answers
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-What we did in class
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-Indirect object pronouns. (Practice Set 77)
You have to memorize which verbs in Italian take direct objects, and which take indirect objects. Some are the same as in English, and some are different than in English. Here are a few examples.
If you see an a before the object of the verb, that's the clue that it will be an indirect object in Italian.
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Telefono a Maria. (indirect object) I telephone Maria. Le telefono.
Chiedo a Maria. (indirect object) I ask Maria. Le chiedo.
Domando a Maria. (indirect object) I ask Maria. Le domando.
Dico a Maria "Buongiorno". (Maria is an indirect object) I tell Maria "Good-Morning". Le dico...
A me piacciono le scarpe. =Mi piacciono le scarpe. (indirect object) The shoes please me.
Rispondo a Maria. (indirect object) I answer Maria. Le rispondo.
Ti voglio bene. ( = Voglio bene a te) (indirect object) I love you (to a friend or family member).
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-Direct object pronouns.
You have to memorize which verbs in Italian take direct objects, and which take indirect objects. Some are the same as in English, and some are different than in English. Here are a few examples.
If you don't see an a before the object of the verb, that's the clue that it will be an direct object in Italian.
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Cerco Maria. (direct object) I'm looking for Maria. La cerco.
Ascolto Maria. (direct object) I'm listening to Maria. La ascolto.
Pago il caffè. (direct object) I'm paying for the coffee. Lo pago.
Aspetto Maria. (direct object) I'm waiting for Maria. La aspetto.
Guardo Maria. (direct object) I'm looking at Maria. La guardo.
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-We reviewed past participles. Practice set 84. You can memorize the list of a few irregular participles.
We used a few flashcards in class. Here are a few verbs with their past participles. It's good to memorize past participles as you encounter them.
noleggiare - noleggiato
affittare - affittato
mettere - messo
lasciare - lasciato
perdere - perso, or perduto
rispondere - risposto
vedere - visto, or veduto
dire - detto
prendere - preso
chiedere - chiesto
spendere - speso (to spend money)
spingere - spinto (to push)
spegnere - spento (to turn off)
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-Partitive. "Di" plus the definite article, (some, or some of). Optional in a question, left out in a negative sentence. Optional in a general statement. for example:
Mi piace il caffè. (I like coffee.)
Vorrei del caffè. (I would like some coffee.)
Vorresti caffè? or Vorresti del caffè? (Would you like some coffee?)
Non voglio caffè. (I don't want any coffee.)
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-Piacere. Most of the time you will use the third-person form of this verb with an indirect object pronoun or an indirect object:
A Maria piace la pizza? Le piace la pizza?
Si, le piace la pizza.
Ti piace la pizza?
Si, mi piace la pizza.
Pizza is the subject, Maria, le, ti and mi are indirect objects: Is the pizza pleasing to you? Yes, the pizza is pleasing to me.
Ti piacciono le scarpe? Si, mi piacciono le scarpe.(The verb is plural, because the subject (shoes) is plural.
Le scarpe is the subject, ti and mi are indirect objects. Are the shoes pleasing to you? Yes, the shoes are pleasing to me.
You can use piacere (always in the third-person singular) with an infinitive:
Mi piace leggere, camminare, e giocare a calcio.
Mi piace leggere i fiumetti.
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-Forming questions with quanto and quale, and when you agree them. (Practice set 46.)
quanto - how much, how many
quale - which
When quanto and quale are used as adjectives, they have to agree with the noun.
Quale has two forms, singular and plural (quale, quali) and quanto has four forms (quanto, quanta, quante, quanti).
When quanto is used as and adverb, it only has one form: quanto.
Quanto costano i biglietti?
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-Molto, tanto, troppo, parecchio, poco, quanto. These each have four forms when they are adjectives, and only one form when they are adverbs. If they are before a noun, then they are adjectives, and they will change to agree with the noun (in gender and number).

Ho poco tempo.
Ho pochi libri.
C’è poca frutta qui.  There’s not much fruit here.
C’è tanto rumore qui.  There’s so much noise here.
Ci sono molti francesi qui.  There are a lot of French people here.
Quanti francobolli hai?  How many stamps do you have?
 
When (poco, molto, ecc). are used as adverbs (to modify an adjective or an adverb), they are invariable (which means they end in o, and do not agree with anything):
La cartolina è molto cara.  The postcard is very expensive.
Quanto costa il francobollo?  How much does the stamp cost?
La lezione è tanto difficile!  The lesson is so difficult.
Costa troppo!  It costs too much!
È una cosa poco importante. It’s an unimportant thing.
La ragazza è molto intelligente.  The girl is very intelligent.
La cena è troppo costosa.  The dinner is too expensive.
È una camera tanto sporca.  It’s such a dirty room.
Le scarpe sono poco costose.  The shoes are not very expensive.
 
poco, poca, pochi, poche -                  little, few, not much, not many
molto, molta, molti, molte -                   much, many
quanto, -a, -i, -e -                           how much, how many
tanto, -a, -i, -e -                           so much, so many
troppo, -a, -i, -e -                           too much, too many
parecchio, -a, -i, -e -                  quite a lot of, several

these six adjectives can also be used as adverbs to modify an adjective or verb, in which case they are invariable:

poco, molto, quanto, tanto, troppo, parecchio

-Parole da ricordare:
entrambi (entrambe) - both (m or f)
affittare - to rent an apartment or house
noleggiare - to rent a car, bike, DVD, motorcycle... anything that's not an apartment or house.
Lasciami stare! - Leave me alone!
Che cosa ti piace fare nel tuo tempo libero? - What do you like to do in your free time?
Che cosa d'altro? - What else?
Un'altra cosa? - Something else?
Mi piace un tipo di pasta. - I like one type of pasta.
Mi piacciono molte tipi di pasta. - I like many types of pasta.
Mi piacciono parrechi tipi di pasta. - I like several types of pasta.
Paste - only means pastries, or dough. Doesn't mean "pastas".
un tipo - a guy, a type
una tipa - a girl
tipi - types